Chapter 32 Review

Groups of billions of stars.

A model of the solar system where the Earth is at the center.

Massive gas planets.

Extraterrestrial materials that enter Earth's atmosphere.

Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

Method that can only measure distance to planets in our solar system.

Considered the better model of our solar system because of Occam's razor.

Method to measure distance using fundamental principles of geometry.

Radar and laser ranging can measure distances to the outer reaches of the Galaxy.

True False

Earth's gravitational pull makes the same side of the Moon face Earth.

True False

The Moon's tectonic system causes small moonquakes to occur.

True False

Astronauts' rock samples from the Moon showed that the Moon was made of the same types of rock that are common on the surface of the Earth.

True False

The Jovian worlds are much more massive than the terrestrial worlds.

True False

The appearance of the moon is uniform across the entire surface of the moon.

True False

Neptune is considered a terrestrial world.

True False

Eratosthenes measured Earth's circumference using shadows that the Sun cast.

True False

What would be the best method to determine the distance to Mars?

Send a radio signal to one of the orbiters and time how long it takes to make the round trip. Take pictures of mars 6 months apart and measure how far it has traveled though the sky in that time. Measure its color and brightness, then look on a H-R diagram to determine its absolute brightness. Examine its spectrum to see how much it has been shifted toward the red. All of the above would work equally well.

Which of the following are true of the Jovian planets?

The Jovian planets are rocky in composition. The Jovian planets are larger than the terrestrial planets. The Jovian planets are closer to the sun than the terrestrial planets. The Jovian planets are denser than the terrestrial planets.

Which of the following lists represents the terrestrial planets?

Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Pluto, Venus, Mercury, Mars

The outer planets are much more massive and much lower density than the inner planets. What conditions in the disk of gas and dust that surrounded the protostar that became the sun led to the difference between the Jovian and Terrestrial planets?

The Jovian planets formed in the colder outer regions of the disk where the temperatures were low enough for low density materials like water and methane to form solid ices. All of the planets formed in the inner regions of the disk, but the Jovian planets have more mass and so were pushed to the outer edges of the solar system by the centripetal force. The Jovian planets formed from the leftover material from the gas cloud that formed the sun, while the inner planets were interstellar wanderers that were captured as the sun orbits around the center of the Milky Way. As the protostar formed in the middle of the disk, it pulled all of the hydrogen and helium out of the inner part of the solar system. The Jovian planets formed in the outer part of the disk where the hydrogen and helium were moving fast enough to escape the pull of the proto-sun. The Jovian planets formed at the same time as the sun from the gas and dust in the nebula. The Terrestrial planets formed later from heavier elements spit out of the sun as a result of fusion.

What would be the best method to determine the distance to Proxima Centauri, the star nearest to our sun, at a distance of 4.3 light years away?

Bounce a radio wave off of it and time how long it takes to return to the earth. Take pictures of Proxima Centauri 6 months apart and measure how far it has traveled though the sky in that time relative to the background stars. Measure its color and brightness, then look on a H-R diagram to determine its absolute brightness. Examine its spectrum to see how much it has been shifted toward the red. All of the above would work equally well.

Which is a characteristic of the Jovian worlds?

A rocky core similar to the terrestrial worlds. Composed mainly of hydrogen, helium, carbon, and nitrogen. Many times more massive than the terrestrial planets. Large internal pressure. All of the above characteristics.

How does the density of Mercury compare to that of Earth?

Much more dense because it is closer to the sun. About the same density because it has similar composition. Much Less dense because it is so much hotter.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of ALL the terrestrial worlds?

Densities that are several times denser than water. Composed of rock similar to those found on earth. Tectonic Plate System. Four planets closest to the sun in a solar system. All of the above are characteristics of the terrestrial worlds.

Which of the following is not a difference between Pluto and the eight classical planets?

Pluto's orbit is out of alignment with the rest of the solar system. Pluto's orbit differs more from a circle than the other planets' orbits do. Pluto has an average density between the terrestrial worlds and the Jovian worlds. All of the above are differences.

Which of the following provides evidence that the surface of the moon was molten at one time?

Igneous Rocks Lunar highlands Moon dust Sedimentary Rock All of the above

Radar and laser ranging can measure distance for all of the following except:

The Moon Mars Saturn The Sun

Which of the following is mentioned as distorting triangulation from the Earth's surface?

The Atmosphere The Moon City Lights Overhead Airplanes

The distances to the nearest 100,000 or so stars can be measured by which of the following techniques?

radar ranging triangulation measuring tape

Which of the following methods is NOT used to measure distances between objects in our own solar system?

radar ranging triangulation brightness-distance relationships

Which of the following is the current theory about how our solar system formed?

The supernova theory The catastrophe hypothesis The nebula hypothesis

Chapter 32 Review

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